Tag: C++

Hide data behind member functions and invariants.

Derive classes to reuse and extend interfaces/implementations.

Know single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid forms.

Bind aliases with references — must be initialized and non-null conceptually.

Advance pointers within arrays carefully.

Allocate on the heap and release ownership correctly.

Use new/delete (and new[]/delete[]) when you must manage raw ownership.

Define classes and create objects that encapsulate state and behavior.

Use find, substr, replace, insert, and compare helpers.

Store addresses with pointers; prefer smart pointers for ownership.